HSC English First Paper - Unit Ten - Dreams
Unit Ten: Dreams
Lesson 1: What is a Dream?
1. Warm up activity:
□ Read the following words. You may not be familiar
with some of them. Look up their meaning in a dictionary. How are they related
to dreams?
colour nightmare imagination day-dream
reverie romantic
hallucination shadowy
silvery short lasting dreamy
dreamer
reality pleasant
haunting fragments
a. What is a dream?
b. Do you have any dreams?
c. Is a dream real or unreal?
d. Is there any relation between dream and action?
e. Who is a dreamer? Do you like a dreamer? Why/why
not?
2. Read the following text and fill in the gaps
with words (you will use only the relevant ones) listed above:
All of us know what a dream is. Generally we dream
during our sleep. Dreams may appear to be short or long lasting. Sometimes we
say, I dreamt for the whole night! But do we really dream for the whole night?
Some dreams are sweet or (a)……………… Some are horrible. When we dream something
extremely bad, we call it a (b) ……………… This is interesting that dreams have no
(c) ……………… They are soft, (d) ……………… and (e) ……………… Do you know how the words
(f) ……………… and (g) ……………… differ from dream? Do you know any (h) ……………… ? What
do they do? Does dream have any relation with (i) ……………… ? Do we always dream
during our sleep? The dream we have during the day time is called (j) ………………
Sometimes we long for something so passionately. We call that a dream as well.
3. Now read the article below and see what you
think about dreams - similar or dissimilar to what is said here:
Dreams have fascinated philosophers for thousands
of years, but only recently have dreams been subjected to empirical research and
scientific study. Chances are that you've often found yourself puzzling over
the content of a dream, or perhaps you've wondered why you dream at all.
First, let's start by answering a basic question:
What is a dream? A dream can include any of the images, thoughts and emotions
that are experienced during sleep. Dreams can be extraordinarily vivid or very
vague; filled with joyful emotions or frightening images; focused and
understandable or unclear and confusing.
Why do we dream? What purpose do dreams serve?
While many theories have been proposed, no consensus has emerged. Considering
the time we spend in a dreaming state, the fact that researchers do not yet
understand the purpose of dreams may seem baffling. However, it is important to
consider that science is still unraveling the exact purpose and function of
sleep itself. Some researchers suggest that dreams serve no real purpose, while
others believe that dreaming is essential to mental, emotional and physical
well-being.
Next, let's learn more about tome of the moat
prominent dream theories.
Consignment with the psychoanalytic positive,
Sigmund Frat fa theory of drams suggests that dreamt are a representation of
unconscious desires, thought! and motivations. According to Freud, people are
driven by aggressive and sexual instincts that are. While few flyweight
expressed, they find their way Into our awareness via dreams. In hit famous
book The Interpretation of Dreams Freud wrote that dream are —disguised
fulfillment of repressed.
Freud's theory contributed to the popularity of
dream interpretation. Following his paths many theorists came up with their own
ideas about dreams. The following are just a few of them:
□ Some research suggest that drams are a subjective
interpretation of signals outwitted by the brain during sleep, Drama are not
daring dream? the cognitive elements in our brain produce new Ideas.
□ One theory suggests that drams are the result of
oar brains trying to Interpret external stimuli during sleep. For example, the
sound of the radio may be incorporated into die content of a dream.
□ Another theory uses a computer metaphor to
account for dreams. According to this theory, dreams servo to 'clean up'
clutter from refreshing the mind to prepare for the next day.
□ Yet another model proposes that dreams function
as a form of psychotherapy. In this theory, the dreamer is able to make
connections between different thoughts and emotions in a safe environment.
4. Find out the meaning of the following words and
identify their parts of speech, and then make sentences with them:
a. empirical
b. vivid
c. vague
d. frightening
e. baffling
f. unravel
g. psychoanalytic
h. perspective
i. motivation
j. awareness
k. repressed
1. cognitive
m. stimuli
n. incorporate
o. clutter
p. psychotherapy
5. Theorists interpret dreams during our sleep. But
we dream when we are awake too. Now give examples of some of your dreams:
□ A sweet dream while sleeping
□ A nightmare
□ A dream that you always cherish consciously
□ A day dream
6. Now write about some dreams that you want to
make real. For example:
I have always dreamt that I will he an engineer. I
study science and I am good in maths, so that should not be an impossible task.
7. Now write a paragraph of 100 words narrating
what you will do if you become a democratically elected student leader in your
college.
8. Now write about some dreams that you couldn't
make real along with the conditions that could make your dreams true. For
example:
I could be a good cricketer if I practised a lot.
9. Now write a paragraph of 100 words narrating
what you would do if you won a million Taka lottery.
10. Summarise the text on dreams highlighting the
following points:
□ What is a dream?
□ Why do we dream?
□ Does a dream have any meaning?
□ What are the benefits of dreaming?
Lesson 2: Dream Poems
Introduction:
William Wordsworth (1770-1850), the great Romantic
poet, considered poets dreamers because they have the ability to turn "our
wish, our power, our thought" into "a deed." Poets give voice to
what we desire and strive hard to achieve. They write about the dreams of
lovers, men of action, patriots, social reformers, workers and just about
anyone given to imagining a better tomorrow for themselves and for others.
In the previous lessons we've learnt about
different aspects of dreams. In this lesson, we will read two poems, written by
two poets from two sides of the Atlantic. While D.H. Lawrence (1885-1930) was
an English novelist, poet and essayist, Langston Hughes (1902-1967) was an
American poet, novelist and playwright. Hughes was also a leader of the Harlem
Renaissance which attempted to bring changes in the lives of the Black people in
the 1920s.
1. Before reading the poems, you must carry out a
couple of warm up activities.
□ Find out more about Lawrence and Hughes from
Wikipedia (on the Internet). Lawrence was more famous as a novelist, so write
down the names of five of his novels.
□ Present your findings in a group to the class.
2. Now read the two poems and answer the questions
that follow.
A. Dreams' by D. H. Lawrence
All people dream, but not equally.
Those who dream by night in the dusty recesses of
their mind,
Wake in the morning to find that it was vanity.
But the dreamers of the day are dangerous
people,
For they dream their dreams with open eyes,
And make them come true.
B. 'Dreams' by Langston Hughes
Hold fast to dreams
For if dreams die
Life is a broken-winged bird
That cannot fly.
Hold fast to dreams
For when dreams go
Life is a barren field
Frozen with snow.
3. Answer the following questions:
a. What type of dreams is Lawrence referring to in
his poem?
b. Why does he consider them dangerous?
e. What is the meaning of 'dreaming with open
eyes'?
d. What is Hughes telling his readers to do?
e. Why does he want his readers to hold fast to
their dreams?
f. Why, according to Hughes, are dreams so
important in our lives?
g. What type of dreams do the two poets highlight?
4. What are the meanings of the following words and
phrases?
a. a broken-winged bird
b. barren field
c. frozen
d. recesses of the mind
e. dusty
f. make something come true
g. vanity
5. What parts of speech are the following words?
a. fast
b. winged
c. snow
d. equally
e. vanity
f. true
6. Write a summary of both the poems in 150 words
each.
Lesson 3: I Have a Dream
1. Warm up activity: Look at the picture.
□ Guess who the person is. What do you know about
him?
□ Here are a few points about the man in the
picture. Make sentences with them to describe him. Yon can go to Google to And
out more about him.
Martin Luther King
Jr.
↓
January 15,1929
April 4,1968
↓
American pastor,
non-violent
activist,
humanitarian
↓
I have a dream
□ Now write 5-10 sentences describing the man and
his work.
2. The following is an abridged version of a famous
speech made by Martin Luther King Jr. on 28 August 1963 In Washington D.C. USA.
Read It and answer the questions that follow:
... (T)he Negro is still not free. ... the life of
the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains
of discrimination. ... (T)he Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the
midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. ... (T)he Negro is still
languishing in the comers of American society and finds himself an exile in his
own land. So we have come here today to dramatize a shameful condition ....
I say to you today, my friends, go even though we
face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a
dream deeply rooted in the American dream.
I have a dream that one day this nation will rise
up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be
self evident; that all men are created equal "
I have a dream that one day on the red hills of
Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be
able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.
I have a dream that one day even the state of
Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the
heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.
I have a dream that my four little children will
one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their
skin but by the content of their character.
I have a dream today.
I have a dream that one day down in Alabama, with
its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words
of 'interposition' and 'nullification', that one day right down in Alabama
little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white
boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.
I have a dream today.
I have a dream that one day every valley shall be
exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be
made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, "and the glory
of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together".
This is our hope. This is the faith that I will go
back to the South with.
With this faith we will be able to hew out of the
mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to
transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of
brotherhood.
With this faith we will be able to work together,
to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for
freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day....
And if America is to be a great nation, this must
become true. So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire.
Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York. Let freedom ring from
the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania ...
Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of
Mississippi. From every mountainside, let freedom ring.
And when this happens, and when we allow freedom
ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state
and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's
children, black men and white men, Jews and
gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able
to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, "Free at
last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!" (abridged)
3. Guess the meanings of the words in Column A from
the contest and match them with their meanings given in Column B:
|
Column A
|
Column B
|
|
1.sweltering
2.
vicious
3.
racist
4.
exalted
5.
crooked
6.
jangling
7.symphony
8.
molehill
9.
hamlet
10.
gentile
|
a.
small hill
b.
filled with a great
feeling
of joy
c
cruel
d.
masterpiece
c
discriminatory
f.
rattling
g.
community
h.
twisted
i.
unpleasantly hot
J.
someone who is not
Jewish
|
4. Answer the following questions:
a. What is the text type: an article, a speech, or
a short story? Who delivered it?
b. What is the text about?
c. Why did Martin Luther King Jr. have these
dreams?
d. Which of the above dreams do you appreciate more
and why?
e. What, according to Martin Luther king Jr., will
be the ultimate benefit if his dreams come true?
f. Do you think that Martin Luther King's dreams
have been fulfilled? Why/why not?
5. Now read the following statements and write
"T" if the statement is true and "F" if the statement is
false. For false statements, provide the correct information.
a. The speech is meant only for black Americans.
b. Martin Luther King Jr. believed that all men are
equal.
c. Martin Luther King Jr. had a dream that one day
little black boys and girls will be able to join hands with white boys and
girls.
d. Martin Luther King Jr. maintained that the
fulfillment of his dreams was a precondition for America to be a great country.
6. Here is a sentence from the text which shows
King's hopes about America. Find more similar sentences from the text.
I have a dream that one day this nation will rise
up.
a……………………………………………
b……………………………………………
c……………………………………………
d……………………………………………
e……………………………………………
7. Complete the sentences below using adjective
clauses.
a. I have a dream that…………………………
Bangladesh……………………………………………
b. My friend…………………………………………… has a dream
that……………………………………………
c. My mother has a dream that ……………………………………………
d. My teacher has a dream that……………………………………………
e. Our leader…………………………………………… had a dream
that……………………………………………
8. Find the meanings of the following words and
make sentences with them:
a. interposition
b. nullification
c. prodigious
d. discord
e. hamlet
9. Project work:
In groups, prepare a list of your dreams for your
country or the community you belong to and then present it in the class.
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